Online assessments involving tools that process personal data for the purpose of identity and/or authorship verification, constitute a context in which trust is a key issue, i.e. trust by all parties involved in the assessment that these technologies enable secure, fair and reliable assessments. After all, educational institutions, students, teachers, employers, quality assurance agencies ... they all want to be able to trust that the assessment – instrument and process – provides a reliable indication of a student’s competence.